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Estimating Variable Consideration: A Guide to Accounting for Uncertainty in Transaction Prices
The transaction price includes variable consideration. Which one of the following statements is reasonable? Trust in Law Inc. defends Carl in a civil court case. 80% of Trust in Law Inc.’s fee is based on the positive outcome of the court case. There is a 75% chance that the court case will have a positive outcome and a 25% chance that it will not. Trust in Law Inc. determines that the most likely amount is the method that better predicts the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled. Build Together Ltd. constructs an oil rig for G&O Inc. and is entitled to a bonus if the rig is completed by a set date, but subject to escalating penalties for each day it is not. In considering the likelihood of the bonus or penalties Build Together Ltd. determines that there is a large number of possible outcomes and therefore uses the most likely amount to estimate variable consideration. Hotline Crisis Ltd. buys 1,000 telephones from TelTel Inc. at a fixed price per telephone. Hotline Crisis Ltd. has the ability to return the telephones to TelTel Inc. if they determine that they are not suitable for their national crisis line service. Given the price per phone is fixed the transaction price is fixed, i.e., Tele Services Inc. has no variable consideration.

The transaction price in a contract includes variable consideration when the amount the entity will receive is dependent on the outcome or future events, such as the success of a legal case or the achievement of specific performance targets. Let's examine each scenario:

  1. For Trust in Law Inc., the variable consideration depends on the outcome of the court case, which is uncertain. The company estimates that there's an 80% chance of a positive outcome, and they've chosen the most likely amount method to determine the variable fee, which is appropriate when there is a range of possible outcomes and the most likely amount provides a better prediction of the expected consideration.

  2. In the case of Build Together Ltd. and the construction of the oil rig for G&O Inc., thelice of variable consideration adds several different跨多个可能的结果,因此,Build Together Ltd. would calculate the cost of variable consideration to reflect the outcome of both parties' potential consideration. This method is consistent with the IFRS.

  3. Both consideration for the warranty period, and虽然是潜在估计的损失估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计的估计