Supertoys Ltd is the sole manufacturer in Scotland of the Super-robot toy. The current level of production and sales is 40,000 toys per annum. The selling price of each Super- robot is £20. The contribution from each toy is 20 per cent of the selling price. Fixed costs of current operations are £100,000 per annum.
A feasibility study based on new methods of working that include making greater use of part-time workers has shown that production and sales could be increased to 60,000 toys per annum. This would increase fixed costs by £20,000 but would reduce variable costs by £4.50 per toy. In order to sell 60,000 toys per annum, the selling price would have to be reduced by £2.50 per toy.
The managing director has expressed concern that the new methods of working will leave his company more vulnerable to fluctuations in demand. He has set a target of a 50 per cent increase in profit during the coming year. He is uncertain as to whether implementing the findings of the feasibility study would be compatible with achieving this target.
Required:
Prepare a report to the managing director of Supertoys Ltd analysing and interpreting the information provided in the feasibility study. Your report should include a response to his concern about the vulnerability of the company if the new methods of working were adopted.
根据企业会计准则,利润的变动主要源于销售收入和销售成本的变化。在评估新工作方法的可行性时,我们需要考虑它们对公司的贡献边际和总利润的影响。
当前,Super-robot玩具每年生产并销售40,000件,每件售价20英镑,每件玩具的边际贡献(边际贡献=售价-变动成本)为4英镑(20%的边际贡献率乘以20英镑的售价)。因此,当前的总边际贡献为160,000英镑(40,000件 * 4英镑/件)。固定成本为100,000英镑,所以当前的年利润为60,000英镑(160,000英镑的总边际贡献 - 100,000英镑的固定成本)。
采用新工作方法后,产量和销量可增至60,000件,固定成本增至120,000英镑,但每件玩具的变动成本降至15.50英镑(20英镑售价 - 4.50英镑)。因此,新的总边际贡献为360,000英镑(60,000件 * 6英镑/件的边际贡献)。降价后的售价为17.50英镑,这可能会使销量增加,但同时也可能导致价格敏感的消费者对价格更加敏感,从而使公司更容易受到需求波动的影响。
关于管理总监对采用新方法后公司对需求波动的脆弱性的担忧,确实,降低价格以增加销量可能会使公司在市场状况变化时面临更大风险。如果市场需求下滑,降价策略可能导致更大的利润损失,因为边际贡献率较低。然而,如果市场需求增加,那么这种策略可能会带来更高的利润。
为了实现50%的利润增长目标,公司需要达到90,000英镑的年利润(60,000英镑的50%)。采用新方法后,总边际贡献为360,000英镑,减去120,000英镑的固定成本,年利润为240,000英镑,这超过了目标的50%增长。
综上所述,尽管新工作方法可能会增加利润并提高产量,但它也增加了公司对市场需求变化的敏感性。管理层需要权衡这些因素,考虑市场的稳定性以及对价格变动的潜在反应,以确定是否采纳这项提议。